Governing mechanism for turbines.



PATENTED FEB. 26, 1907.

J. G. GALLAN. GOVERNING MECHANISM FOR TURBINES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT, l, 1905. I

9 SHEETSLSHBET 1" Inventor. John G. cal lan,

. fly

No. 845,292. .PATENTED FEB. 26, 1907.

J. G. GALLAN.

GOVERNING MECHANISM FOR IURBINES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT.1,1905.

9 SHEETSSHEET 2.

Wi-trwesses. I 'f v JohnQiCajlan, I W o ui PATENTED FEB. 26, 1907.

J. G. GALLAN.

GOVERNING MECHANISM FOR TURBINES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPTJ, 1905.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

John G. Cal Ian.

PATENTED FEB. 26, 1907.

J. G. GALLAN.

I GOVERNING MECHANISM FOR TURBINES.

II II APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 1. 1905.

With esses:

VWLnesses PATENTED EEB.j 26, 1907;

J. G. GALLAN.

GOVERNING MECHANISM FOR TURBINES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT.1. 1905.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

I nVenQor;

John G. Cal Ian,

No. 845,292. PATENTED FEB. 26, 1907. J. G. CALL AN. GOVERNING MECHANISMFOR TURBINES. APPLICATION FILED SEPT.1,1905.

9 SHEETS-SHEET e.

' I lnventok John G. Callah I By ill I].

' a tcly.

PATENTED FEB. 26, 1907..

9 SHEETSSHEET 7.

Fig.8;

Inventp I John G.Callan 4 AA A 8 W w w a J. G. GALLAN. GOVERNINGMECHANISM FOR TURBINES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT.1. 1905.

Figw.

Fig.8.

No. 845,292. PATENTED FEB. 26, l907.

J. G. CALLAN.

GOVERNING MECHANISM FOR TURBINES; APPLICATION FILED SEPT.1,1905.

9 SSSSSSSSSS ET 8.

Fig-20.;

I r I I l Witnesses:

Inventor;

a. John G. CaHan, By

PATENTED FEB. 26, 1907.

J. G. GALLAN. GOVERNING MECHANISM FOR TURBINES,

APPLICATION FILED SEPT, l, 1905.

9 SHEETS-SHEET .m w M W F a m C n e P o e w m Clearance ClosingCompression Valve Closed. Clear-ingMobion.

T tH na% M5 .T n mmdw m y B 4% Witnesses:

UNITED STATES P E or roE.

JOHN cALLAN, or

LYNN, MASSACHUSETTS,

ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELEo- TRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

Application filed September Specification of Letters Yatent.

GOVERNING MECHANISM FOR TURBINES.

Patented Feb. 26, 1907.

1,1905. Sei-ial No. 276F8 To all; whom it may concern.-

"Be it known that I, JOHN G. CALLAN, a citizen-of the United'States,residing at Lynn, county of Essex, State of Massachusetts, have inventedcertain new and useful Impr'ovements in 'Governing Mechanism forTurbines, 0t catlon.

The present invention hasfor its object to provide a governingmechanism-for turbinesv of improved construction which is effective andreliable in operation. My invention is ap licable to two more or lessdistinct nietho S of governing. The first and simplest comprises theidea of admitting steam or other motive fluid to the turbine iii pufls,the duration of which vary in accordance with the load, conditions.

These puiis do not. ordinarily haveadefinite period of duration, butvaryfrom time to time. as the load. on the turbine varies. The secondmethod of governing comprises the idea of admitting a column of motivefluid to the turbine and varying its cross-sectional area from time totime asthe load changes. This involves the feature of varying the volumnof fluid'passing through the machine without, however, varying itsvelocity by any appreciable amount.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate embodiments of" myinvention, Figure 1 is a partial longitudinal section of anelastic-fluid turbine of the Curtis type. Fig. '2 is a plan view of thesame. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view through the dogactuatingeccentric. Fig. 4 is a cross-section'taken on line 4 4 of Fig.3. Fig. 5is a side elevation, partly insection, of a dog for operating the valve.Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the means employed to shift the doglongitudinally on the eccentric in responseto changes in-loa Fig. 7 is alongitudinal section of. a Curtis turbine having a plurality ofadmission-waives each actuated by a sepasection of Fig. 9 is a showlngthe eccentric and the driving connection between it and the main shaft.

Fig. 10 is. a perspective view of one of thedogs for actuating thevalve. Fig. .11 is a perspective view of the means'employed to shiftthedog's longitudinally; onfthe 'eccentricl' 'Fig.'-"12 is a perspectiveview of the block carried by the which the followingis speci valve-stemfonactuating the valve. Fig. 13 is a perspective view of a bell-cranklever whichtra'nsmitsmotion from the shaft-governor to the devices formoving the dogs longitndinally on the eccentric. ['Fig. 14 is a view inelevation with certain of the parts in section, showing a dog having adetachable and somewhat resilient wearing-piece. Fig. 15 is a sectionalview taken on line 15 15 of Fig. 14. Fig. 16 is a plan view showing therelation between a dog and the block cooperating therewith, the dog andblock occupying one of the extreme positions. Fig. 17 is a similar viewwith the dog occupying a midposition with respect to the block. Fig: 18is a similar'view with the dog occupying the other of its extremepositions. Fig. 19 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the relationbetween the several dogs and their cooperating blocks, whereby thesuccessive actuation of the valve is obtained. Fig. 20 isa partial viewin elevation of the end of a dog, showing a detachable wearing-piece,the spring feature being omitted. Fig. 21 is a view in side elevation ofa block made up in pieces with spring-supportsfor the projections thatare struck by the dog. Fig. 22 is a plan'viewof the block as viewed fromunderneath. 'Fig. 23 is a longitudinal section of the block, taken online 23 23 of Fig. 22. Fig. 24 is a cross-section taken on line 24 24 ofFig. 22. Fig. 25 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the clearing motionof the dog when the valveis open. Fig. 26

dog. Fig. 27 represents the clearing motion of a dog when its valve isclosed. Fig. 28 represents the valve-opening motionof the dog. Fig. 29shows a modification in which the shaft and eccentric are shiftedbodily, and Fi 30 shows an arrangement wherein the va ve-actuating blockis made integral with the valve-stem.

Fig. 1, 1 represents the casing g of'the turbine, containing a wheel 2,having peripheral rows of Wheel-buckets, between 'which are situatedmore or less complete rows of intermediate buckets? Steam or otherelastic fluid is admitted to the turbine by the nozzle 4, whichpreferably comprises a plurality of. closely-associated fluid-disfharging'passages; These passages may be expandingor non-expanding incharacter, as desired... The bucket-wheel is mounted-upon Referring torepresents the valve-closing motion-of the nal movement the valveand;pushing it inwardly to c ose the main shaft 5, thelatter extendingthroug 1 suitable packing in the sidewalls of the wheel-casing. To theleft-hand end of the shaft is attached a speed-responsive device 6,having suitable weights and an opposing spring whichcod erate to producelongitudithe rod 7 when the speed of the turbine changes for any reason.Steam is admitted to the turbine by the 'puppet valve 8, the latterbeing located in a valvechest 9, that is bolted to the wheel-casing. Thevalve is attached to a stem 10, that is provided with a rectangularblock 11 at its outer end. This block serves as a means for pulling thevalve-stem outwardly to 0 en the valve. It may be formed integral withthe valve-stem or separate therefrom, the latter. being the usualarrangement. The valve-chest is rovided with two arms 12, that areprovided with bearings at their outer ends to receive the shaft 13. Theportion' of the shaft between the bearings is provided with an eccentric14, and loosely mounted thereon is a dog 15, which'has two actingsurfaces, -one of which coeperates .the dog and the block 1 with theblock to open'the valve and the other to close it. The means controllingthe engagement of the do both in openin and closing the valve wiTl bedescribed ater. The shaft is driven at a relatively low rate of speed bymeans of worm-gearing 16, horizontal shaft 17,. worm-gearing 18,vertical shaft 19, and worm-gearing 20. The ver tical shaft 19 and theworm-gearing 20 are driven by a frame that is carried by thespeedresponsive device. The rod 7 of the governor extends looselythrough the sleeve carrying the driving-worm and is connected at itsouter end to a lever 21. This lever is mounted upon the lower end of avertical shaft 22, and the upper end of said shaft is provided with alever 23. These levers and shaft transmit motion from the shaftgovernorto the dog and cause the latter to move longitudinally on. the eccentricby suitable means, which will be described later. -Referring to Fig. 3,24 and 25 represent the bearings formed in the ends of the arms 12,leading from the stearn chest. 13 represents the driving-shaft for theeccentric 14. The right-hand end of the shaft 13 is provided with a heador enlargement containing a groove 26, and into this groove extends apivotally-supported plate 27, that prevents the shaft from movinglbngitudinally. Surrounding the head or enlargement is a bearing-sleeve28 of suitable construction. The left-hand end of the shaft is providedwith a bushing 29, that is suitably secured thereto by a key 30 and pin,as shown in Fig. 4. The bushing is surrounded by a suitable bearingsleeve 31, and-the bushing and the sleeve are preventedfrom movinglongitudinally by l meansv of the pivotally supported plate'32. l

each revolution'of the shaft .13, .this arrangenient would besuflicient; but since it is nec essary to vary the amount of steamadmitted .to theturbine as the load changes means have'to be providedwhereby the period that the valve is open can be varied with respect tothe period it is closed. ,This' is accomlished by causing the dog to acton the lilock 11 of the valve-stem under certain con;- ditions and "notunder others. 'I o attain these results, a means is provided for movingaterally with respect The block may move later:

orithe two'parts may move in I find. it sim lest to to each other. allyof the dog, opposite directions. move the dog either by sliding ita 011gthe 1 eccentric or by bodily moving theeccentric' 5 and itsdriving-shaft. The shaft 13 is bored centrally to receive the rod 35,the latter be ing connected to the governor-actuated le- ,ver 23. Theright-hand end of the rod 35 is somewhat reduced in cross-section toreceive the shifting device 36, Fig. 6, the latter eomprising a slidingblock having a projection 37, that partially surrounds ther'od 35 and atits ends engages with the shoulder formed thereonl The ends of the block36 are provided with ears, and riveted thereto are yielding rings 38,that engage the end. of the hub of the dog and move it to of the rod 35changes. '7

As shown in Fig. 5, the dog is provided with removable wearing-pieces3.9 and 40, that engage, respectively, with the rear and front walls ofthe block to close and open the valve. The direction of rotation of theeccentric 14 is indicated by the arrow, so that the dog 'has alongitudinal movement, the extreme position being shown by the dottedlines. The motion of the eccentric tends to hold the dog down againstthe valveblock.

:00 and. fro as the position This action is also assisted by gravity andthe frictionv between the rings 38 and the ends cf the hub of the dog.In event of this'being insufficient, due to any cause, a spring can beemployed. As the shaft revolves and moves the dog to and fro the lattertendsto strike the block with a hammer-blow, and order to reduce theblow an adjustable pin- 41 iis provided, that may be made of fiber orequivalent material, screw-threaded opening containing a screw foradjusting it. On the downward strokeof the dog this pin strikes theupper surface of the block and prevents or largely reduces the shockincident thereto.

From theforegoingit will be seen that the dog has two principal motions,first, a longitudinal motion, and, second, a transverse.

Just above the pinisa T ngage the parts.

The: construction of the valve-actuating block 1 1 is well shownin Fig.12. It is adapt-l. ed to be mounted in across-head or holder that isattached to the valve-stem, or it may be formed directly on the stem.The block is provided with a forward projection 42 and a rear projection43, which cooperate with the working surfaces of the dog and control tsaction on'the block. Between the upper surface of these projections andthe top'of the block are shoulders 44 and 45, and between theseshoulders and the top of the block is a slightly-beveled surface 46 topermit the working surfaces on the dog to ride over the block when 1t isdesired to leave the latter in a given position. When the projection 42'ing the engages with the heel 39 of the dog, it acts in a'sense as apivotal point and results in hold; toe 40 out of engagement with thefront shoulder 44, while the heel 39 will engage the rear shoulder 45and close the valve.

On the other hand, when the dog is shifted axially to a point Where thetoe40 engages.

the projection 43 and the latter acts in a sense as a pivotal point theheel 39 will be kept outof engagement with the rear shoulder 45, whilethe toe 40 will engage the frontshoul der 44 and open the valve and keepit open until there .is a'change in load. The distance between theworking faces of the toe and heel 39 and of the dog corresponds closelyto the distance between'the shoulders 44 and 45, the-objectpf this beingto positlvely movethevalve over its entire stroke both in opening andclosing,

I theblock after the work has been performed.

' the steam on unbalanced pressure of By reason of this construction anyunbalance ing of the valve will have no effect. The valve when closed isheld on its seat by the. the steam against the valve area minus'that ofthe stem. When open, it is held by the unbalanced pressure of theexposed surfaces. The parts are so arranged that'from the time the valveis movedfrom its seat to the time it is left in the open position by theultimate disengagement of the dogit is not free to move backward underthe influence of the steam acting over the steam area by more than theslight play between the toe and heel of the larly, when closing, it isheld positively until In other words, when the'valve is closed thesteam-pressure is utilized to hold it, and when open the steam-pressureis utilized to hold it; but in the intermediate'positi'ons the valve spositively controlled by the actuating inechan-- ism. I regard this asan importantfeature of my invention.

only releasing v arrows showing the'd-irection of movetoe, the j Thefull and dotted line '52 indicates ment;

form thesmall dotted lo'op.

-it-that is to say, the speed-governor I has moved the dog axiallyfuntil the toe 4O no onthe other hand, this movement has moved projection42 will engage. As the dog starts forwardthe first action is to take upthe lost motion (indicated atthe circle 50 by the word Clearance.) Theheel39 then engages the rear'shoulder 45' and starts the block, andtherefore the valve, into motion. This action isindicat'ed at the circle.by Closing. Afterthe valve is closedfurther movement of the dog resultsin a compression of the spring in the stem for a brief interval, whichis represented. by the word Compresof the eccentric starts the dog onits return movement, which is indicated by the light part ofthe circle.The movement of the heel under this condition is indicated by the fullline 53 and that of the toe by the full line 54. In Fig. 27 the valve isshown-in the closed position, and so long as the parts remain unmove toand, fro without doing any work. .The path of the toe under thiscondition is in dicated by the full and dotted line 55 and In Fig. 28thevalve is shown as closed and the dog in the act of opening the valve.The first, movement of the word Reaction: on the circl'e50, the-next bythe word Clearance, ment by the word Opening. The full line 57 indicatesthe path of movement of the toe,

:and line 58 that-ofthe heel.

the cycleof operation, and it is repeated each time the governor changesthe relation beshaft 13will rotate and'move the dog to and lowed by theacting surface or shoulder of the In-Fig. 26 the valve is shown in theopen "position and the dog isin the act of closing "longer registerswith theprojection 43, while,

the dog to a point Where the heel and rear disturbed by the governor thedog is free to.

that of the heelby the full and dotted line 56.

and the final move-5- the valveopen. -Under these condi holds the heel39'out of engagement with the I indicates the-movement of the dog. lhe

the path that is followed by the'acting sur-/ face of the heel, thearrows showing the .di

the word sien on the circle 50. Further movement dog is indicated by theI This completes pufi's are governed by are times when the valve is wideopen and times whenit is shut and no steam is flowin The interval oftime that the valve iso en is commonly considerably reater than t at inwhich it is closed. It fol ows, therefore, that the steam or other'fluidis' admitted in puffs af greater or less duration and that these do notoccur in definite periods. They valve will remain open or closed longenough to insure the speed of the bucket-wheel being kept withinits'normal speed range.

Referring to Figs. 7 and 8, the invention will be described inconnection 'with a machine wherein a stream of motive fluid isconstantly'flowing the cross-sectional area of which is increased ordecreased as the load conditionscall'for more orless. 59 represents themain shaft, which carries the bucket- I wheel and the worm 61 and theshaftgovernor 62. Steam passes from the chest 63 through a plurality ofclosely-associated nozzle-passages 64 to the wheel-buckets. Theregulation is accomplished by a plurality of separate andsuccessively-actuated valves 6h.

These valves are similar in construction, and each one' may control oneor more nozale-passages. In all essential respects the construction andoperation of the valves is the same as that previously described. Thereis thisdifference, however, that a means is provided to cause the valvesto open one after the other and close in like order. Each valve ismounted on a stem that in turn'is connected to a sliding cross-head 66by a coupling 67, the

serves ment, and alsoas a meansto reduce the shock on the dog when itseats the valve. To the cross-head is detachably secured the block 69,that cooperates withthe dog 70, the latter being mounted'on theeccentric 71,

- tages, and I prefer to make them that way.

The cross-heads,

from the oil-well dogs, eccentric, &c.,"are mounted within a standard,and oil is freely admittedthereto below the bearing-sleeve. This insuresgood lubrication at all times. The cross-heads have amplebearing-surfaces and are suitably guided-in their movements. Thecoupling s7 is provided with slotted ends which slip over enlmgeetfheadsonthe valve;

place by suitable nuts.

the load conditions, and the eccentrics and is former containing a.compresslon-spring 68. The spring .as a means to compensate for lack ofadjusthousing 73 in the bearing stem and cross-head and are retained inThis construction is of service in assembling and takin down the partsThe driving-shaft 72 for the eccentric receives its motion from awormwheel 74, mounted on the vertical nclined shaft 75, the lower end ofwhich is provided with a, gear 76, meshing with a gear 77, carried bysaid driving-shaft 71. The shaft 72 preferably revolves at aconsiderably-slower s eed than the main shaft. In order to s ift thedogs axially on the eccentrics, (it being understood that an eccentricis provided for each dog,) a rod 78 is provided, which/extends parallelwith the axes of the moved longitudinallyby a bell-crank lever 79, Figs.7 and 13. The lever is supported in place by a stud carried by the wallseparating the oil-well from the housing 73. The arm 80 of the lever isconnected by a pin-and-slot connection with. the horizontal rod-78, andthe arm 81 is connected by rod 82 with the lower end of thegovernor-actuated lever 83. The upper end of the'lever 83 is connectedby a suitable rod with the movable part of the shaft-governor. AS thegovernor moves, due to change in "speed, the bell-crank lever 79 isrocked in one direction or the other and in turn moves the horizontalrod 78.

The means for transmitting the longitudinal movement of the rod 78 tothe dogs will now be considered. The end dogs are provided with hubs ofsomewhat-reduced size, Fig. 10, and each of these hubs is provided witha segmental radial flange 84. In Fig. 11 is shown a ring 85, which. isadapt-ed to be slipped over the hub of the dog and given a quarter-turn,which causes the internal segmental fiange 86 to engage the externalsegmental flange 84 of the dog. Extending upwardly fromeach ring is acylindrical proiection 87, that fits into a cylindrical orifice formedin the rod 78. As the rod is moved axially by the governor these ringswill move the do s along the eccentrics, (for c0nven-- ience t eeccentrics may be made in a single piece,) which movement shifts theheels and toes of the dogs with respect to the projections on the blocks69 and causes the valve to open and close, as the load conditionsdemand.

In Figs. 16, 17, and 18 the three principal ositions of the do s andvalve-actuative locks are shown, In Fig. 16 the forward projection 88 isactive and is holding the heel of the dog out of engagement with theblock.

In Fig. 17 the dog is in the mid-position, and thevalve may open andclose once for each revolution of the shaft 72, de ending on the widthof the heel and toe o the dog. By making the width-of the heel dogslightly greater than thedistance between lanes coinciding with theadjacent walls of the front and rear projections on the and toe of theof the valves will normally be open, one or J of the dog.

scale and in adiagrammatic manner, the posiaction of each. of the dogsis the same as that side portions block the dog can move to and frowithout affecting the valve, A substantial "movement' of the dog in anaxial direction would of course bring it into position to move thevalve. By making the width of the heel and toe less than the distancebetween planes coinciding with the adjacent walls of the projections onthe block the valves open and close coincidently with the to-and-fromove ments of the dog. Under certain conditions this arrangement will befound desirable. With this arrangement of parts one or n ore morenormally closed, and at least one valve will be opening and closing witheach stroke In Fig. 18 the heel of the dog is in engagement with therear projection 89, and the forward movement of the dog will close thevalve.

' In Fig. 19 I have illustrated, on an. enlarged tion of the dogs 70 andthe valve-actuating blocks 69. As shown, all of the valves are in theopen position. Moving the dogs in the direction indicated-by the arrowwill cause the toe 90 to pass out of engagement with the forwardprojection '88 of the upper block and the heel 91 into engagement withthe rear projection 89 and close the valve. Owing to the overlap of thetoes of the other dogs and the forward projections on the blocks, thismovement has no effect on the remaining valves. Further movement of thedogs in the direction of the arrow will cause the sec ond valve toclose, then the third, and so on.

Movement of the dogsm the reverse'direction will cause the valves toopen one after the other. If it be desired, the dogs and projections canbe so related that two or more valves will open and close as a unit. The

described in connection with Figs. to 28, inclusive, and furtherdescription is unnecessary. In Fig. 8 three of the valves are open andtwo closed.

In Fig. 14 is shown a slight modification of the means employed tolessen the efiect of the hammer-blow of the dogs. The general shape ofthe dog is the same as before. Attached to the under side of the dog bysuitable rivets is a flat plate 92, having down turned ends and made ofsome resilient material. One of the ends forms the toe and the other theheel of the dog. Between the of the plate 92 and the body of the dog isa.; small space, which permits the plate to yield slightly when the toeor heel strikes the proiections on the valve-actuating block. The rivets93 pass freely through the plate and are secured to the spring 94 on theunder side of the plate 92.

. In Figs. 20 try-24 is shown a further modi iicationof the same idea.In these figures the dog is constructed as before with a, removableWearing-plate'Q-Ey, that is secured in arrangement is shown 1n ling theaction of the admission-valves; but

place by rivets. The projections which co operate with the toe and heelportions of the dog instead of being formed integral with the block aresupported by flat spring-plates 96, attached -to the under side of blockby screws or other means. The projections are riveted or otherwisesecured to the plates. The projections, block, and wearing parts on thedogmay be suitably hardened.

In Fig. 9 the shaft 71 in addition to driving .the eccentrics alsodrives a lubricating-pump located within the housing 97, Connected tothe pump is a discharge-pipe 98 and-a return-pipe 99.

Instead of shifting the dog axially on the eccentric for the purp'c e ofopening and closing the valves, the shaft, eccentrics, and

dogs can be shifted bodily by a suitable means connected to thegovernor. Such an Fig. 29, wherein 100 is the shaft and 101 an eccentricfor driving the dog 102. On one end of the shaft is a spur-gear 103,having teethof sufficient length. to permit of longitudinal movementwithout causing disengagement of the driving-chain 104. On the oppositeend of the shaft is a rod 105, which is adapt-edto be connected to agovernor. The operation in all essential respects is the same aspreviously described. While only one dog is shown for convenience inillustration, I- may employ as many as are desired, the said dogsarranged to 'ive successiveactuation of the valves.

n Fig. is shown an arrangement wherein the valve-actuating block 106 isforged on the end of the valve-stem 107. The block is provided withguides 108, that engage with suitable guide-surfaces on the support thatcarries the mechanism. Between the stem and the valve and located withinthe body of the valve is a compression-spring 109, which acts as acompensating means. The ends of the block are slotted transversely, andmounted in the slots are detachable pieces 110, having projectionsthereon which form the devices for controldogs in the blocks. Thesepieces are slotted longitudinally, so as to yield slightly when the toeand heel portions of the dog strikethem.

In the assembl drawings the valve mechanism has been s own in connectionwitlrthe it is obvious that the same mechanism can be'used for operatingstage-valves which are under the, control of the same or a separategovernor. The same driving-shaft can be used for both the admissionvalve or valves or the stage valve or valves. The opening and closing ofthe stage-valves can be simultaneous with that cf the admission-valves,or they may be arranged by and close etween the opening and closing ofsaid valves. In this respect the arrangeent shown is exceedinglyflexible.

properly setting the parts to open 'i nation of a regulator forcontrolling the pasl sage of energy through the apparatus'to begoverned, a means for actuating the regulator, and a device responsiveto load changes which shifts the said means and regulator laterally withrespect to each other to cause the said means to open or close theregulator.

2. In a governing mechanism, the combi-'- nation of a regulator forcontrolling the passage of energy'through the apparatus to begoverned,'a means which is constantly in motion and in a normal givenplane for actuating the regulator, and'a device responsive to loadchanges which automatically shifts the said means and regulatorlaterally with respect to each other to cause the said means to engagethe regulatorin a manner'to open and close it to meet the demandfor-energy.

3. In a governing mechanism, the combination of a valve for controllingthe passage of fluid, a means which is constantly in motion for openingand closing the valve, and a device for shifting the relative positionof the valve and means prior to actuating the valve as the demand forfluid changes.

t. In a governing mechanism, the combination of a valve for controllingthe passage of fluid, a means normally having a movement in a givenplane for opening and closing the valve, and a load-responsive devicefor moving the said means transversely to its normal plane in order tomodify its effect on the valve.

5. In a governing mechanism, the combi nation of a regulator, a meanswhich is constantly moving to and fro in a given plane for operating theregulator, and a device for shifting the said means transversely to itsnormal plane without interrupting-its movements when it is desired tomodify its action on the regulator.

6. In a governing mechanism, the combination. of a regulator, a doghaving a constant to-and-fro motion for actuating the regulator, and ameans for shifting the dog to one side of a given position for movingthe regulator in one direction and for shifting it to the other side ofsaid position for moving the regulator in the opposite direction.

7 In a govern1ng mechamsm, the combinationof a regulator, a dog, adriving means i for the dog whlch imparts to it a to-and-fro motion, anda means for shifting the dog to seaaea' one side of a given positionwithout interfering with its normal movements for moving the regulatorin one direction, and for shifting it to the other side of said positionfor moving the regulatorin the opposite direction.

8. In a governing mechanism, the combination of a controlling-valve,'adevice for actuating the valve, an eccentric on which the device ismounted-for moving it to and fro, a

driving means for the eccentric, and a means responsive toloadconditions for causing the device to move the valve.

9. In a governing mechanism, the combination of a controlling-valve, adevice for actuating the valve, an eccentric for moving the device toand fro, a driving means for the eccentric, a speedresponsive device,and a means actuated by thespeed-responsive device for shifting thevalve-actuating device axially with respect to the eccentric.

10. In a governing mechanism, the combination of a controlling-valve, adog for actuating the valve, an eccentric for moving the dog to and fro.and a speed-responsive device for sliding the dog along the eceentricinone direction to open the valve and in the opposite direction to closethe valve.

11. In a governin mechanism, the combination of a controlling-valve, anactuator connected to and moving with the valve, a device which has aconstant movement and engages one part of the actuatorto move the valvein one direction and another part of the actuator to move it in-theopposite direction, and a means res onsive to lc ad conditions forshifting the c evice laterally so that it will engage one part of theactuator or the other dependingupon the load requirements.

12. In a governing mechanism, the combination of a valve, a stemtherefor, a device which acts on the stem and opens the valve when movedin one direction and closes it when moved in the other, and a meansmoving with the stem which controls the effect ive action of the deviceon the valve.

13. In a governing mechanism, the combination of a regulator forcontrolling the pas sage of energy through the apparatus to be governed,a means for actuating the mogu lator which has a to-and-fro movement, amechanism for shifting the ig gulator and means laterally with respectto each other as the load conditions change, and a device moving withthe regulator for determining the effective action of the'said meansthereon.

14. In a governing mechanism, the combination of a regulator forcontrolling the passage of energy through the apparatus to be governed,a'means which opens the regulator when moved in one direction and closesit when moved in the other, mechanism responding to load changes forshifting the re ulator and means with respect t'oeach other, and adevice which prevents the said means fromacting on the regulator afterit -Bati0n are hasmoved it"until a change occurs 1n tne loadconditions.15. In a governing mechanism, thecombiplurality .ofregulators, anactuator for .eac regulator whichis constantly moving to and fro in aplane, and a load-res ons'ive devicewhicltshiftsone or more of t eactuatorsgindregulators with respect to each other tocause' the actuatoror actuators to open or close one'or.moreregulators.-

' 16. In a governing echanism, the combination of a pluralityofcontrolling valves, an actuator foreach valve that'fopens it on onestroke and closes itonthe other,;'and a loadrespon sive device whichshifts-theactuators laterally from, their normal planes of, motion andcauses them to successively open and close the valves asthe demand forfiuidchangesi 17. In a governing mechanism, the combination of aplurality of'controlling valves, an actuator for. each valve, a drivingmeans common to the actuators, and aload-responsive device which shiftsthe actuators laterally and causes them to open and close the valves asthe demand for fluid changes.

18. In a governing mechanism, the combination of a plurality ofcontrolling-valves, an actuator for each valve, an eccentric for eachactuator, a driving means common tothe eccentrics, a load responsivedevice which shifts the actuators laterally without interfering withtheir movements and causes them to open and close the valves as thedemand for fluid changes.

19. In a governing mechanism, the combination of a plurality ofcontrolling-valves, an actuator for each valve, a driving means commonto the actuators, a device moving with each of the valves whichdetermines the action of the actuator thereon, and a load-responslvedevice Wl'llCll shifts the actuators laterally to cause them to open or.close the valves as the demand for fluid changes.

20. In a governing mechanism, the combination of a plurality ofcontrolling-valves, a cross-head for each valve, an actuator for eachvalve that acts directly on the crosshead, a driving means common to theactuatom, and a load-responsive device which successively shifts theactuators into or out of operative engagement. with the crossheads asthe demand for fluid changes 21. In a governing mechanism, thecombination of a plurality of controlling-valves arrangedin a row, anactuator for each valve, a driving-shaft which passes through and iscommon to the actuators and imparts a longitudinal reciprocating mot-ionthereto, and a means for causin the actuators to engage or disengage theva ves as the demand for the fluid changes.

22. In a governing mechanism for turbines, the combination of'abucket-Wheel, a shaft therefor, a valve-controlling the passage of fluidthrough the bucket-wheel an for moving the' rod as the changes.

the demand for fluid changes.

'stant to-and-fro movement, an

actuator which'opens the valve when moved 1n one direction, and closesit when moved n the opposite, a driving-shaft for the actuator,

.a connection for transmitting motion. be-

tween the shafts, and a speed-responsive device driven bythe wheel-shaftthat shifts the actuator and valve with-respect to each other to causethe actuator to move the valve as 23. In a govermng mechanism, thecombination of a plurality of controlling-valves, an actuator for eachvalve, which has a coneccentric for moving each actuator, adriving-shaft which L is common to the eccentrics, a rod extendinglongitudinally of the eccentrics which shifts the actuators laterally,and a speed-governor demand for fluid 24. In a governing mechanism, thecombination of'a plurality of controlling-valves, a

dog for actuating each valve that has a toe and a heel piece, a meansfor constantly 1mparting a longitudinal to-and-fro movement tothe dog, adevice on each valve which determines whether the toe or heel pieceshall engage it, and a speed-responsive means that moves the dogs tocause them to open or close the valves.

25. In a governing mechanism, the combi: nation of a regulator, anactuating-block attached to and moving with the regulator, a dog whichhas a toe and a heel piece and is constantly in motion, a driving-shaftfor the dog, projections on the block which cooperate with the toe andheel pieces to prevent the dog from moving the regulator, and a meansfor adjusting the relative positions of the block and dog so that thatlatter can move the regulator in the required direction.

26. In a governing mechanism, the combination of a regulator, aconstantly-moving actuator, means for transmitting motion from theactuator to the regulator when it is desired to move it, and means whichbodily moves the actuator laterally to a position where it will move theregulator and there after continue its movement without affecting theregulator until a change in operating conditions occurs.

27. In a governing mechanism, the combination of a regulator, anactuator which has a constant to-and-fro motion, a block which transmitsthe movements of the actuator to the regulator when it is desired tomove it, and means which bodily move-the actuator laterally to aposition where it will move the regulator and thereafter continue itsmovements without afiecting the regulator until a change in operatingconditions exists.

28. In a governing mechanism, the combination of an unbalancedregulating-valve which is held in its open and closed positions by.fluid acting on its surfaces, responsive to load changes wfich engageswithin gans' {the valve when in a position of rest, then positivelymoves it to a new position and at .the same time prevents the valve fromopertor.

30. A governing mechanism, comprising a plurality of unbalancedregulating-valves which are held in their positions by fluidpressure, aseparate actuator for each valve that first engages it, then positivelymoves it toward or away from its seat and prevents the same from jumpingdue to its unbalanced condition, and a load-responsive device whichcauses the actuators to succes sively operate the valves both in openingand closing.

31. In a governing mechanism, the combination of a regulator, anactuator that is normally free to move to and fro and which positivelyengages the regulator both to open and close it, a resilient means forcushioning i the actuator as it strikes the regulator both 1n openingand closing, and means moving the regulator which engages the actuatorand determlne 1ts effect thereon.

32. In a governing mecl'ianism, the combi nation of a regulator, a blockfor actuating it comprising shoulders and projections, a dog whichengages the shoulders and moves the regulator in one direction or theother as the operating conditions demand, the said pro- JGCtlOIlS actingon the dog to hold it out of engagement with the shoulders'or to permitit to engage them as the operating conditions demand.

senses 33. Ina governing mechanism, the combination of a regulator, ablock for actuating 117 comprising shoulders and spring-supportedprojections, a dog having toe and heel pieces adapted to engage theshoulders-,the said projections acting to control the effective act on 5of the dog on the block and also to cushion the blows of the dog as itstrikes the'block.

' 34. In a governing mechanism, the COIIlblnation of a valve, a doghaving a toe-piece in the opposite direct-ion, projections moving withthe valve which alternately engage the means for shifting the dog.laterally to engage one projection or the other.

35. In a governing mechanism, the combination of a plurality ofregulating-valves, one or more of which are normally open and one ormore normally closed, and one of which is opening and closing atfrequent intervals for regulating purposes, longitudinally-movable gagethe same, and a means for shifting the dogs laterally to cause them toengage and move one or more valves as the load increases or decreases.

36. In a governing mechanism, the comhination of a regulator, a doghaving a to-endfro motion for actuating the regulator, an eccentric uponwhich one end of the dog is loosely mounted, and a means normallv ga'geand move theregulator.

37. In a governing mechanism, the comb1- nation of a regulator, a devicefor actuating the regulator, and a means for shifting the device to aposition where it opens the regulator and to a different position toclose it.

, hand this 26th day of August, 1905.

l JOHN c. (IIALLAN. Witnesses i JOHN A. McMANUs, Jr.,

, HENRY O. WESTENDARP dog to cause it to perform its work, and

dogs for moving the valves that directly entending to cause the free endof the dog to'en- In witness whereof I have hereunto set my,

that positively moves the valve in one direction and a heel-piece thatpositively moves it

